Swertia quartiniana A.Rich.

Species

Angiosperms > Gentianales > Gentianaceae > Swertia

Characteristics

Perennial herb with basal leaf rosette.. Stems 14–46 cm long, robust, unbranched except for the inflorescence, but sometimes with 2–3 stems arising from rootstock, stem angles smooth.. Basal rosette leaves with ± winged petiole, the latter 15–60 mm long; blade lanceolate-oblong, 25–60 mm long, 11–35 mm wide, obtuse; cauline leaves sessile, rarely shortly petiolate, blade linear-lanceolate, oblong-lanceolate to lanceolate, 19–50 mm long, 9–20 mm wide, obtuse.. Inflorescences corymbose, partial inflorescences many, each 6–8-flowered; pedicels 11–25 mm long, pedicel of the terminal flower always shorter than pedicels of lateral flowers; bracteole oblong or oblong-lanceolate, 7–10 mm long, 2–4 mm wide, obtuse.. Flowers 5-merous.. Calyx lobes: 2 wider and longer than others, linear-oblong or lanceolate, 5–7.5 mm long, 1–1.5 mm wide.. Corolla blue in bud, otherwise purplish; tube very short, 0.4–1.1 mm long; lobes oblong or elliptic-lanceolate, 10.5–13 mm long, 4–5 mm wide, obtuse; nectaries 2 per lobe, yellow with green patches around, oblong, 0.7–1.2 mm diameter, 0.7–1 mm apart, 5.6–7.2 mm from base of lobes, oblong, margins fimbriate, fimbriae 1.9–3.7 mm long, filiform.. Stamens with filaments 5.9–7.2 mm long, scale-like projections present at attachment point to base of corolla lobes; anthers oblong, 1.5–2.2 mm long.. Ovary oblong, 4.5–6 mm long, 2–3 mm diameter; style obsolete; stigma bilobed, lobes 0.3–1.2 mm long, 0.5–1.5 mm wide, obtuse, forming crescent-shaped rims on capsule valves; parietal placentae indistinct.. Capsule oblong, 8–13 mm long, 3–5 mm wide.. Seeds brown, 0.3–0.5 mm in diameter, surface reticulate.
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Flowers 5-merous, white, tipped with blue or with purple veins, pale blue, or with fine blue mauve or dark blue lines, in terminal and axillary many-flowered cymes, arranged in subcorymbiform cymes; pedicels very variable; bracts 4–15 mm. long, linear-lanceolate.
Leaves in distant pairs, 20–85 x 5–20 mm., the upper sessile, the basal longer than the cauline ones, oblong to ovate-oblong, narrowed into a short petiole; the upper patent to subpatent, ovate to elliptic-lanceolate, acute or subobtuse at the apex.
Corolla with a very short tube; lobes 8–13 x 3–3.5 mm., obovate-oblong, obtuse or rounded at the apex with a pair of fimbriate nectaries within, near the base.
Stamens inserted in the sinuses; filaments 4.5–6 mm. long; anthers 1–1.5 mm. long, narrowly-ellipsoid, dark brown.
Ovary 4–5 x 2–2.5 mm., narrowly-ellipsoid, narrowed into a short stout style; stigma bilobed, papillate.
Calyx divided almost to the base; lobes unequal, 2–5 mm. long, oblong to oblong-obovate.
Stem stout, 2–6 mm. diam., unbranched or sparsely branched at the apex.
Simple or sparsely branched perennial from 6 in. to 2 ft. high
Seeds, 0.35–0.4 mm. in diam., subglobose; testa faveolate.
Rhizomatous ascending herb up to 150 cm. tall.
Capsule 7–9 x 3–3.5 mm., narrowly ellipsoid.
Mauve flowers.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support -
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.61
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Flower color
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Nitrogen fixer -
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Environment

Light -
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Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses -
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
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Distribution

Swertia quartiniana world distribution map, present in Cameroon, Ethiopia, Kenya, Mozambique, Malawi, Nigeria, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:371060-1
WFO ID wfo-0001064027
COL ID 53JWM
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Swertia fwambensis Swertia quartiniana