Swertia tetraptera Maxim.

Species

Angiosperms > Gentianales > Gentianaceae > Swertia

Characteristics

Annuals 5-30 cm tall. Roots yellow, fibrous. Stems 1 to few, robust, erect, 2-3.5 mm in diam., subquadrangular, with larger flowers, and numerous weak branches from base, with flowers 1/4-1/3 as large as those of robust stems. Basal and lower stem leaves withered at anthesis; petiole 1-5 cm; leaf blade oblong to elliptic, 0.9-3 × (0.8-)1-1.8 cm, thin herbaceous, base narrowed, apex obtuse, veins 3 and abaxially prominent. Middle to upper stem leaves sessile, ovate-lanceolate, 1.5-4 × 1-1.5 cm, base rounded and subamplexicaul, apex acute; veins 3-5, abaxially prominent. Inflorescences panicles of cymes, many flowered, spreading. Flowers 4merous. Pedicel 0.5-6 cm, slender. Calyx lobes basally narrowed, apex acute, veins 3. Corolla pale yellow-green, sometimes tinged purple; lobes apically obtuse and erose. Nectaries 2 per corolla lobe, oblong, double door-shaped, each with a very narrow scale and few irregular divisions. Anthers yellow, ellipsoid. Style indistinct; stigma lobes capitate. Seeds pale yellow, subglobose, almost smooth. Flowers on robust stems: calyx tube 0.5-1 mm; lobes lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate, 6-8 mm. Corolla tube 0.5-1 mm; lobes ovate, 0.9-1.2 cm. Filaments 2-3.5 mm; anthers 0.5-1.5 mm. Capsules ovoid-ellipsoid, 1-1.4 cm. Seeds 1-1.2 mm. Flowers on weak branches: calyx tube 0.3-0.5 mm; lobes broadly ovate, 1.5-4 mm. Corolla tube 0.3-0.5 mm; lobes ovate, 2.5-5 mm. Filaments 2-3.5 mm; anthers 0.5-1.5 mm. Capsules broadly ovoid to subglobose, 4-5 mm. Seeds less than 0.1 mm. Fl. and fr. Jul-Sep.
Life form annual
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.05 - 0.3
Root system fibrous-root
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 6-10

Usage

Uses medicinal
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Swertia tetraptera world distribution map, present in China

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:371109-1
WFO ID wfo-0001063910
COL ID 53JYC
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Swertia tetraptera Anagallidium dimorpha