Symphoricarpos albus (L.) S.F.Blake

Common snowberry (en), Symphorine (fr), Symphorine à grappes (fr), Symphorine blanche (fr), Symphorine à fruits blancs (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Dipsacales > Caprifoliaceae > Symphoricarpos

Characteristics

Nearly glabrous, deciduous shrub to c. 2 m high, forming dense thickets; stems ± erect, rather stout. Petioles 3-6 mm long, channelled above, sometimes ciliate. Lamina 2-4.5 × 1-3.5 cm (uppermost sometimes smaller), usually broad-ovate or broad-elliptic, less commonly elliptic, occasionally slightly lobed, otherwise entire, glaucous beneath, ± ciliate; veins level with surface; base broad-cuneate or rounded; apex obtuse or mucronate. Fls in axillary clusters or short terminal spikes. Peduncles glabrous. Bracts and bracteoles 1-2 mm long, broad-ovate, ciliolate. Calyx 0.5-1 mm long; lobes similar to bracts. Corolla c. 6 mm long, campanulate, pink, white-bearded inside. Stamens slightly exserted. Style included, glabrous. Drupe 10-15 mm diam., globose or subglobose, white, usually with several smaller abortive frs in same infructescence; pulp mealy. Pyrenes 3-4 mm long, whitish.
More
Shrub to 1 m, the younger parts finely hairy or glabrous; lvs ovate or oval, usually hairy beneath, mostly 2–3 cm; fls in pairs on short pedicels or in few-fld, interrupted spikes; cor 5–8 mm, ventricose, the lobes equaling or merely half as long as the tube; anthers 1–1.5 mm, nearly or fully as long as the filaments; style glabrous, 2–3 mm; fr 6–10 mm, white; 2n=36, 54. Our native plants, as here described, are var. albus. The var. laevigatus (Fernald) S. F. Blake, of the Pacific slope, mostly 1–2 m, with the fr mostly 1–1.5 cm, and with the lvs usually glabrous beneath, often escapes from cult. Dry or rocky soil; Que. to s. Alas., s. to Va., Mich., Minn., and Calif. May–July. (S. racemosus)
A shrub. It grows 1.2-1.8 m high and spreads 1.2-1.8 m wide. The stems are wiry. It develops suckers. The flowers are pink and in clusters. The fruit are berries which are pale green but mature to pure white.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread endozoochory
Mature width (meter) 1.6 - 1.9
Mature height (meter) 1.5 - 1.9
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) 0.5
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Banks and flats in canyons and near streams; at elevations below 1,200 metres in California.
More
It is a temperate plant. It suits hardiness zones 3-9.
Light 4-8
Soil humidity 3-6
Soil texture 2-4
Soil acidity 5-7
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 3-8

Usage

The fruit are eaten or made into jelly. The leaves can be used to brew a wintergreen flavoured tea. The flowers are the source of a light coloured honey.
Uses environmental use fiber forage medicinal poison tea wood
Edible fruits
Therapeutic use Venereal Aid (bark), Burn Dressing (bark), Dermatological Aid (bark), Eye Medicine (bark), Diuretic (bark), Tuberculosis Remedy (bark), Gynecological Aid (bark), Dermatological Aid (fruit), Burn Dressing (fruit), Eye Medicine (fruit), Cathartic (fruit), Pediatric Aid (fruit), Poison (fruit), Diuretic (fruit), Antidote (fruit), Antidiarrheal (fruit), Gynecological Aid (fruit), Dermatological Aid (leaf), Burn Dressing (leaf), Cold Remedy (leaf), Witchcraft Medicine (leaf), Cathartic (leaf), Diuretic (leaf), Veterinary Aid (leaf), Eye Medicine (leaf), Gynecological Aid (leaf), Venereal Aid (root), Diuretic (root), Febrifuge (root), Pediatric Aid (root), Veterinary Aid (root), Cold Remedy (root), Gastrointestinal Aid (root), Eye Medicine (root), Unspecified (root), Gynecological Aid (root), Gastrointestinal Aid (sap), Laxative (sap), Gastrointestinal Aid (shoot), Laxative (shoot), Tuberculosis Remedy (tuber), Dermatological Aid (unspecified), Disinfectant (unspecified), Abortifacient (unspecified), Febrifuge (unspecified), Pediatric Aid (unspecified), Eye Medicine (unspecified), Oral Aid (unspecified), Diuretic (unspecified), Venereal Aid (unspecified), Analgesic (unspecified), Burn (unspecified), Chafe (unspecified), Collyrium (unspecified), Emetic (unspecified), Eye (unspecified), Inflammation (unspecified), Rash (unspecified), Sore (unspecified), Sore(Throat) (unspecified), Ache(Stomach) (unspecified), Cathartic (unspecified), Cold (unspecified), Preventitive(Scar) (unspecified)
Human toxicity toxic (fruit)
Animal toxicity toxic (fruit)

Cultivation

Can be grown by cuttings or seedlings. Seeds needs scarification.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) 21
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment scarification
Minimum temperature (C°) -40
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Symphoricarpos albus habit picture by Rudolf Kranz (cc-by-sa)
Symphoricarpos albus habit picture by Matthias Foellmer (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Symphoricarpos albus leaf picture by Roman Brunsteiner (cc-by-sa)
Symphoricarpos albus leaf picture by liz Lewington (cc-by-sa)
Symphoricarpos albus leaf picture by Roxanne Rox (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Symphoricarpos albus flower picture by Catalin Gruia (cc-by-sa)
Symphoricarpos albus flower picture by Aladár Szabo (cc-by-sa)
Symphoricarpos albus flower picture by Loretta Dudden (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Symphoricarpos albus fruit picture by Kristina Weena (cc-by-sa)
Symphoricarpos albus fruit picture by Thierry Thierry Bessière (cc-by-sa)
Symphoricarpos albus fruit picture by Hostkoetter Sarah (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Symphoricarpos albus world distribution map, present in Canada, France, New Zealand, and United States of America

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:247027-2
WFO ID wfo-0000439047
COL ID 53PMS
BDTFX ID 75401
INPN ID 125324
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Symphoria elongata Symphoria glauca Vaccinium album Symphoricarpos leucocarpus Symphoria leucocarpa Symphoria macrocarpa Symphoricarpos heterophyllus Symphoricarpos racemosus Symphoria albus Lonicera racemosa Symphoria racemosa Symphoricarpos pauciflorus Lonicera alba Symphoria heterophylla Symphoricarpos elongatus Symphoricarpos leucocarpa m'mahon in Xylosteon album Symphoricarpos racemosus var. pauciflorus Symphoricarpos albus var. pauciflorus Symphoricarpos albus var. albus Symphoricarpos albus var. ovatus Symphoricarpos albus

Lower taxons

Symphoricarpos albus var. laevigatus