Trachypogon spicatus Kuntze

Spiked crinkleawn (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Poales > Poaceae > Trachypogon

Characteristics

Tufted perennial, 0.3-1.2 m high; rhizomatous; culm nodes appressed white-hairy. Leaf blade 50-200 x 5 mm, becomes hard as it ages; ligule an unfringed membrane, splitting into 3 lobes. Inflorescence a single, spike-like raceme, rarely digitate and up to 5 racemes, velvety awns throughout its length; spikelets paired, unequally pedicelled: one subsessile, the other long-pedicelled, dissimilar. Subsessile spikelet 6-8 mm long; awnless. Long-pedicellate spikelet 8-13 mm long; upper lemma awn 40-100 mm long, hairy, twisted, hygroscopic; callus white-hairy; anther 5.0-5.5 mm long; at maturity awned spikelets fall off leaving only awnless spikelets arranged alternatively on either side of rachis. Flowering time Oct.-May.
More
Tufted perennial, 300-1200 mm high; rhizomatous; culm nodes adpressed white hairy. Leaf blade 50-200 x 5 mm, becomes hard as it ages; ligule membranous, splitting into three lobes. Inflorescence a single raceme, rarely with up to 5 racemes, 40-170 mm long, with velvety awns throughout its length. Subsessile spikelet 6-8 mm long; awnless. Long-pedicellate spikelet 8-13 mm long; upper lemma awn hairy, twisted, hygroscopic; callus white hairy; anther 5.0-5.5 mm long.
Tufted perennial; culms 30–200 cm. high.. Leaf-blades flat to acicular, 15–40 cm. long, 1–7 mm. wide.. Racemes l(–3), 4–30 cm. long.. Sessile spikelet similar to the pedicelled but awnless, narrowly and usually inconspicuously winged on the margins above.. Pedicelled spikelet 8–13 mm. long, including a white bearded callus 1–3 mm. long; lower glume glabrous to villous, usually pubescent; awn 4–10 cm. long, flexuous, plumose.. Fig. 163.
Perennial; up to 1.2 m high; rhizomatous and tufted. Culm nodes with a ring of hairs. Leaf blades up to 50-200 x 5 mm; ligule membranous; splitting into 3 lobes. Flowers: inflorescence a single raceme (rarely up to 5) with velvety awns throughout its length; short-pedicellate spikelets 6-8 mm long; long-pedicellate spikelets slightly longer.
Perennial, rhizomatous, tufted, up to 1.2 m high. Leaf blades 50-200 mm long, up to 5 mm wide; ligule membranous, splitting into 3 lobes. Culm nodes with ring of hairs. Spikelets (short-pedicellate) 6-8 mm long (long-pedicellate slightly longer). Inflorescence a single raceme (rarely up to 5 racemes) with velvety awns throughout its length.
Perennial to 1.2 m, culm nodes with ring of hairs. Leaves linear, folded, ligule membranous, 3-lobed. Spikelets in a spike-like raceme, awns velvety.
Subsessile spikelet barren, as long as the pedicelled spikelet but awnless and inconspicuously winged on the margins above.
Pedicelled spikelet 8–13 mm long, including the 1–3 mm white-barbate callus.
Superior lemma with a flexuous plumose awn 4–10 cm long.
Inferior glume glabrous to villous, usually pubescent.
Leaf laminas flat to acicular.
Racemes 1(3), 4–30 cm long.
Culms 30–200 cm high.
Perennial.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.3 - 1.35
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) 1.5
Root diameter (meter) 0.4
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c4

Environment

Light -
Soil humidity 1-3
Soil texture 1-6
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses animal food fodder material medicinal poison social use
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) 20 - 26
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Trachypogon spicatus unspecified picture

Distribution

Trachypogon spicatus world distribution map, present in Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Belize, Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Brazil, Botswana, Central African Republic, Congo, Cabo Verde, Costa Rica, Cuba, Ecuador, Ethiopia, Ghana, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, Kenya, Lesotho, Madagascar, Mali, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, Paraguay, Rwanda, Sudan, Suriname, eSwatini, Togo, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, Uruguay, United States of America, Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of), South Africa, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:424391-1
WFO ID wfo-0000903926
COL ID 57SFK
BDTFX ID 4576
INPN ID 732403
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Trachypogon polymorphus subvar. dactyloides Heteropogon secundus Milium strictum Stipa spicata Stipa spicata Trachypogon glaucescens Trachypogon involutus Trachypogon karwinskyi Trachypogon ligularis Trachypogon mayaensis Trachypogon micans Trachypogon montufarii Trachypogon spicatus Trachypogon thollonii Trachypogon violaceus Andropogon canescens Andropogon canus Andropogon fundaensis Sorghum vestitum Trachypogon capensis Trachypogon dissolutus Trachypogon durus Trachypogon planifolius Trachypogon plumosus Trachypogon polymorphus Trachypogon secundus Trachypogon stenophyllus Andropogon digitatus Andropogon laxiflorus Andropogon megapotamicus Andropogon spicatus Andropogon stenophyllus Heteropogon megapotamicus Sorghum plumosum Trachypogon plumosus subvar. secundus Andropogon angustifolius Trachypogon angustifolius Trachypogon canescens Trachypogon dactyloides Trachypogon densus Trachypogon gouinii Trachypogon gracilis Trachypogon mollis Trachypogon muelleri Trachypogon palmeri Trachypogon parviflorus Trachypogon rigidifolius Trachypogon preslii Andropogon ligularis Andropogon mollis Andropogon montufari Andropogon tortus Andropogon trichospirus Andropogon truncatus Andropogon vestitus Andropogon plumosus Heteropogon stipoides Heteropogon truncatus Andropogon secundus Trachypogon preslii f. secundus Trachypogon gracilis var. ciliatus Trachypogon gracilis var. hirtus Trachypogon montufari var. bolivianus Trachypogon montufarii var. grandiflorus Trachypogon montufarii var. mollis Trachypogon montufarii var. pauciflorus Trachypogon montufarii var. pilosus Trachypogon plumosus var. montufarii Trachypogon plumosus var. secundus Trachypogon polymorphus var. bolivianus Trachypogon polymorphus var. canescens Trachypogon polymorphus var. dissolutus Trachypogon polymorphus var. gouinii Trachypogon polymorphus var. karwinskyi Trachypogon polymorphus var. ligularis Trachypogon polymorphus var. montufarii Trachypogon polymorphus var. plumosus Trachypogon polymorphus var. thollonii Trachypogon polymorphus var. truncatus Trachypogon preslii var. secundus Trachypogon preslii f. preslii Trachypogon truncatus Andropogon dactyloides Andropogon dissolutus Trachypogon montufarii var. montufarii Trachypogon capensis subvar. mollis Trachypogon polymorphus subvar. ligularis Trachypogon polymorphus subvar. gracilis Trachypogon polymorphus subvar. dissolutus Trachypogon polymorphus subvar. secundus Trachypogon polymorphus subvar. mollis Trachypogon montufarii var. mollis Trachypogon ramosus