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Coarse, hard, tufted perennial 600-1600 mm high; bitter tasting (hence quinine grass). Leaf blade to 400 x 1-6 mm wide; rolled when young and then later again when old; ligule prominent, 2-6 mm long. Inflorescence 80-300 mm long, raceme solitary, sometimes 2-3, scabrid to densely hairy. Sessile spikelet 7-8 mm long, awnless; callus oblique; anther 4.0-4.5 mm long. Pedicellate spikelet smaller; lower glume awn 30-120 mm long, rough, curved, flattened on the lower part and characteristically curled at maturity so that the inflorescence resembles bones of a fish.
Perennial forming hard tussocks; culms 0.5–2 m. high.. Leaf-blades narrow, harsh, 10–40 cm. long, 1–6 mm. wide; ligule usually conspicuous, (2–)3–6 mm. long, acute, lacerate, often adnate to lateral auricles; sheaths seldom hairy above.. Inflorescence of 1(–2) racemes each 8–25 cm. long; internodes and pedicels often pubescent.. Sessile spikelet narrowly elliptic; lower glume 6–9 mm. long, glabrous or pubescent, smooth, spinulose or muricate on the keels, acute.. Pedicelled spikelet 2–7 mm. long, its awn (1–)3–7(–12) cm. long.
Coarse perennial, tufted, up to 1.6 m high. Leaf blades up to 400 mm long, 1-6 mm wide (rolled when young and later when old). Spikelets (sessile) 7-8 mm long (pedicellate smaller except for awn). Inflorescence usually a solitary raceme. Lower glume of pedicellate spikelets with a long, rough recurved awn.
Perennial; up to 1.6 m high; coarse; tufted. Leaf blades up to 400 x 1-6 mm; rolled when young and later when old. Flowers: inflorescence a solitary raceme; sessile spikelets 7-8 mm long; pedicellate spikelets smaller except for awn; lower glume of pedicellate spikelets with a long; rough recurved awn.
Leaf sheaths usually glabrous above; ligule (2)3–6 mm long, usually conspicuous, acute, lacerate, often adnate to lateral auricles; leaf laminas 10–40 cm × 1–6 mm, narrow, harsh.
Sessile spikelet narrowly elliptic; inferior glume 6–9 mm long, glabrous or pubescent, smooth, spinulose or muricate on the keels, acute at the apex.
Inflorescence of 1(2) racemes each 8–25 cm long; rhachis internodes and pedicels often pubescent.
Caespitose perennial forming hard tussocks; culms up to 200 cm high.
Pedicelled spikelet 2–7 mm long, with an awn (1)3–7(12) cm long.
