Perennials, usually affixed aquatic. Rhizoids usually present, filiform, with short dichotomously divided branches. Stolons filiform, sparsely branched, some green, others without chlorophyll. Traps lateral on reduced leaves on colorless stolons, stalked, ovoid, 1.5-4 mm, mouth lateral; appendages 2, dorsal, branched, setiform, with a few lateral simple setae. Leaves numerous on green stolons, suborbicular to elliptic in outline, 0.3-1.5(-2) × 0.4-1.8 cm, palmately divided from base into 2 or 3 primary segments; primary segments dichotomously divided from base into 2-5 further segments; ultimate segments flattened, narrowly linear, 0.2-0.7 mm wide, margin entire or sparsely denticulate, laterally and apically setulose. Inflorescences erect, 8-20 cm, 2-5-flowered, glabrous; peduncle terete, 0.4-0.8 mm thick; scales 1-3, similar to bracts; bracts basifixed, broadly ovate to ovate-deltoid, 2-4 mm, base conspicuously auriculate, apex acute. Pedicel erect, terete, 0.5-1.5 cm; bracteoles absent. Calyx lobes ovate, 3-5 mm; lower lobe slightly shorter than upper lobe, apex obtuse, shortly 2-cleft, or truncate; upper lobe apex acute. Corolla yellow, 0.9-1.5 cm; lower lip transversely elliptic, base with a prominent rounded swelling, apex rounded; spur subulate, slightly shorter than corolla lower lip, apex acute; palate glabrous; upper lip broadly ovate, apex rounded. Filaments ca. 2 mm, curved; anther thecae ± confluent. Ovary globose, glandular; style relatively long; stigma lower lip circular and ciliate, upper lip deltoid and apex acute or 2-cleft. Capsule globose, 2.5-3 mm in diam., circumscissile. Seeds not seen. Fl. Jun-Sep. 2n = 44.
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Stems free-floating or creeping on the soil under shallow water; lvs numerous, mostly 0.5–2 cm, commonly 3-parted at base and then 1–3 times dichotomous, the segments slender, flat, not much narrower in successive dichotomies, the ultimate ones rather blunt; bladders on specialized branches distinct from the lvs; fls mostly 2–4 in a lax raceme on an emergent peduncle 6–20 cm; pedicels to 15 mm, remaining erect; cor yellow, the lower lip 8–12 mm, with well developed palate, nearly twice as long as the upper lip; spur nearly as long as the lower lip; 2n=44. Shallow water; circumboreal, s. to Del., Ind., and Calif. Summer.
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