Actaea L.

Baneberry (en), Actée (fr)

Genus

Angiosperms > Ranunculales > Ranunculaceae

Characteristics

Herbs , perennial, from caudices ca. 1 cm thick. Leaves cauline, alternate, petiolate. Leaf blade 1-3-ternately or-pinnately compound; leaflets ovate to narrowly elliptic, unlobed to 3-lobed, margins sharply cleft, irregularly dentate. Inflorescences terminal or axillary, 25(-more)-flowered racemes, 2-17 cm; bracts leaflike, sometimes present between leaves and inflorescence, bracteoles 1-2, at base of each pedicel, not forming involucre. Flowers bisexual, radially symmetric; sepals not persistent in fruit, 3-5, whitish green, plane, orbiculate, 2-4.5 mm; petals 4-10, distinct, cream colored, plane, spatulate to obovate, clawed, 2-4.5 mm; nectary absent; stamens 15-50; filaments filiform; staminodes absent between stamens and pistils; pistil 1, simple; ovules many per pistil; style very short or absent. Fruits berries, solitary, sessile, broadly ellipsoid to nearly globose, sides smooth; beak a wart, terminal, to 1 mm. Seeds dark brown to reddish brown, obconic to wedge-shaped, rugulose. x = 8.
More
Herbs perennial. Rhizome robust, creeping, with numerous fibrous roots. Stems simple, erect. Basal leaves scaly; cauline leaves alternate, 2 or 3 × ternate, long petiolate. Inflorescence racemose, simple or branched. Flowers small, actinomorphic. Sepals usually 4, petaloid, white, caducous. Petals 1--6, spatulate, yellow, smaller than sepals, without a nectary. Stamens numerous; filaments narrowly linear-filarious; anthers yellowish white, ovate-orbicular. Carpels 1; ovary ellipsoid, glabrous, stigma sessile, compressed, 2-lobed. Fruit a berry, purple-black, red, or white when ripe, subglobose. Seeds several, ovate, brown or black.
Sep 3–5, obovate, petaloid, caducous; pet 4–10, deciduous, spatulate to obovate, clawed; stamens numerous, the elongate filaments mostly widened upwards; anthers oval; pistil 1; stigma broad, sessile, bilobed; fr 1-to several-seeded berry; poisonous, odoriferous perennial herbs with large, ternately 2–3 times compound lvs, sharply toothed lfls, and small, white fls in a dense, long-peduncled, terminal raceme. 5, circumboreal.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support -
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) -
Root system creeping-root fibrous-root rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color
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Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Light -
Soil humidity -
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Hardiness (USDA) 4-9

Usage

Uses -
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) 30 - 365
Germination temperacture (C°) 12 - 15
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment stratification
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Optimum temperature (C°) -
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Vigor -
Productivity -