Hymenaea L.

Hymenaea (en)

Genus

Angiosperms > Fabales > Fabaceae

Characteristics

Trees. Leaves with 1 pair of leaflets; stipules caducous; leaflets paired, thickly leathery, entire, often translucent glandular punctate, with short petiolules or subsessile. Flowers white, in terminal panicles or corymbose panicles; bracts and bracteoles caducous, ovate or orbicular, concave. Calyx tubular, solid in lower part, expanded and campanulate or turbinate in upper part; lobes 4, thickly leathery, imbricate. Petals 3 or 5, clawed or sessile, subequal in size or lower 2 small and squamose. Stamens 10, all perfect, free; filaments glabrous or hairy at base; anthers oblong, dorsifixed, cells opening lengthwise. Ovary shortly stalked, stalk adnate to calyx tube, glabrous or hairy, few ovuled; style filiform; stigma terminal, small. Legume drupelike, obliquely obovoid or oblong, thickly leathery or woody, rough and tuberculate, not dehiscent. Seeds few, of various shapes; testa hard, bony, without endosperm and aril; cotyledons thickened, fleshy; radicle short, straight.
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Trees. Stipules caducous. Leaves bifoliolate, petiolate. Leaflets pellucid-punctate. Inflorescences terminal, paniculate or corymbose-paniculate; bracts and bracteoles caducous. Flowers pedicelled, all parts pellucid-punctate. Hypanthium narrowly campanulate. Calyx lobes 4, imbricate. Petals 5, subequal, slightly zygomorphic, imbricate. Disk absent. Stamens 10, free, exserted; filaments folded in bud, more or less equal in length; anthers dorsifixed and versatile, longitudinally dehiscent. Ovary stipitate, excentric with adnate stipe, 3-15-(or more-)ovuled. Pods indehiscent, woody, 3-8-(or more-)seeded. Seeds non-arillate, exalbuminous.
Unarmed resinous trees, with spreading crown. Leaves 1-jugate, petiolate; leaflets 2, obliquely asymmetric, coriaceous, glandular-punctate, short-petiolulate to subsessile. Inflorescence terminal, short, subcorymbose. Flowers moderately large, with a short, gross, pedicel and thick receptacle; calyx 4-parted, the lobes imbri-cate; petals 5, slightly unequal, sessile, glandular; stamens 10, free, glabrous; anthers longitudinally dehiscent; ovary few-ovulate, short-stipitate, the stipe adnate to the receptacular portion of the calyx; style slender; stigma terminal. Legume ligneous, thick, indehiscent, few-seeded; seeds exarillate.
Flowers in panicles, spirally arranged on the ultimate axes; bracts concave, caducous; bracteoles 2, enclosing the young bud, imbricate, caducous.
Pods ovoid or ellipsoidal, the epicarp hard with numerous prominent resin-filled vesicles, indehiscent; endocarp pithy-powdery.
Leaves with a single pair of leaflets, with pellucid gland dots; petiolules short, twisted; stipules small, early caducous.
Ovary stipitate; ovules usually 4; style elongated, filiform; stigma terminal, small.
Stamens 10; anthers dorsifixed, dehiscing by longitudinal slits.
Petals 3 large and 2 minute; sometimes all 5 large.
Sepals 4, unequal (2 + 2), imbricate.
Seeds 1–3, without areole or aril.
Trees, evergreen, unarmed.
Hypanthium short.
A tree.
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Growth form tree
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Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
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Environment

A tropical plant.
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Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

UsesProducing commercially valuable gum-resins or copals and to a limited extent for medicinal purposes. The resin is also used in varnishes. The pulpy (endocarp) tissue surrounding the seeds is edible. See Burkill Diet. Econ. Prod. Malay Penins. 1935 1235 K. Heyne Nutt. Pl. Indon. 3 1950 730
Uses gum medicinal
Edible arils fruits
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Cultivation

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