Imperata Cirillo

Satintail (en), Impérate (fr)

Genus

Angiosperms > Poales > Poaceae

Characteristics

Perennials, strongly rhizomatous. Culms erect, unbranched. Leaf blades mainly basal, linear, flat or rolled; ligule membranous. Inflorescence a terminal, silky-white, spikelike panicle, branches bearing numerous very short racemes; racemes with tough rachis, spikelets of a pair both pedicelled with one pedicel longer than the other, deciduous at maturity within a plumose involucre of hairs; rachis internodes and pedicels persistent, densely silky hairy, tips expanded. Spikelets small, delicate, ± terete, enveloped in hairs; callus very small, pilose with long hairs usually exceeding the spikelet; glumes subqual, lanceolate, membranous or lower glume herbaceous, back long-pilose; lower floret reduced to an empty hyaline veinless lemma, shorter than spikelet; upper lemma similar to lower, apex obtuse, denticulate, ciliate, awnless; palea short, broad. Lodicules absent. Stamens 1 or 2. x = 10.
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Rhizomatous perennials with erect few-noded culms. Leaves mostly basal, the blades narrow and erect; ligule scarious. Inflorescence a narrow, often spiciform, panicle, its numerous primary branches bearing very short secondary racemes; raceme-rhachis not fracturing at maturity, bearing paired similar spikelets each supported on a slender pedicel. Spikelets lanceolate to oblong, ± terete, enveloped in long silky hairs from callus and glumes; callus very short, truncate; glumes equal, as long as the spikelet, lanceolate to oblong, membranous; lower floret reduced to a lemma, this lanceolate to oblong, shorter than the spikelet, hyaline; upper floret hermaphrodite; lemma lanceolate to oblong, shorter than the spikelet, hyaline, awnless; stamens 1–2; caryopsis ellipsoid.
Spikelets all alike, in pairs, unequally pedicellate on a slender continuous rachis of a raceme, surrounded at the base by long silky hairs much longer than the spikelets; pedicels of the spikelets enlarged at the summit into a shallow cupped receptacle; glumes about equal, acuminate, the first 5-to 7-nerved; sterile lemma and fertile lemma and palea hyaline, the fertile lemma awnless.
Inflorescence a silky spiciform panicle bearing numerous racemes, but these much abbreviated and not easily distinguished; raceme rhachis tough with slender internodes.
Spikelets alike, paired, both pedicelled, terete, enveloped in long white hairs from the callus and glumes.
Superior floret entire, awnless; lodicules 0; stamens 1–2.
Inferior floret represented by a hyaline lemma.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support -
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
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Nitrogen fixer -
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Environment

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Hardiness (USDA) 8-12

Usage

Uses medicinal
Edible -
Therapeutic use Cold (unspecified), Chest (unspecified), Root (unspecified), Hemostatic (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

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