Melothria L.

Melothria (en)

Genus

Angiosperms > Cucurbitales > Cucurbitaceae

Characteristics

Plants herbs, perennial [annual], monoecious, climbing, trailing, or creeping; stems <annual>, glabrous or hispid [pilose]; roots tuberous; tendrils unbranched. Leaves: blade ovate-reniform, cordate-pentangular, suborbiculate to depressed-ovate, ovate, ovate-triangular, or lanceolate-hastate, subentire or shallowly to deeply palmately 3–5-lobed or-angled, lobes deltate to shallowly triangular, margins denticulate [dentate, shallowly sinuate, or subentire], surfaces eglandular. Inflorescences: staminate flowers 2–6 in axillary racemes or corymboid to subumbelloid clusters; pistillate flowers solitary, usually in same axils as staminate; bracts absent. Flowers: hypanthium campanulate; sepals 5, triangular to ovate, <straight>; petals 5, connate 1/2 length, yellow or orange-yellow [white or pale orange], oblong to ovate-oblong or obovate-oblong, 1.5–2[–3.5] mm, glabrous or villosulous, corolla rotate to campanulate-rotate. Staminate flowers: stamens 3; filaments inserted near hypanthium base or near mid tube, distinct; thecae distinct, oblong, connective broadened; pistillodes present, <nectariferous>. Pistillate flowers: ovary 3-locular, globose to ovoid or fusiform; ovules ca. 15–20 per locule; style 1, short-columnar; stigmas 3, 2-lobed; staminodes 3 or absent. Fruits pepos, greenish, often striped or mottled, apparently usually maturing yellow to orange or purplish black, usually ellipsoid to ovoid, sometimes subglobose to globose, <(0.8–)1–2.5 cm>, smooth, <glabrous>, indehiscent. Seeds 30–60, ovoid to ellipsoid, compressed, not arillate, margins not differentiated, surface smooth, <white-sericeous>. x = 12.
More
Low climbers, subannual, leafy stem 1-1.5(-2) mm diam., green on drying; monoecious. Probract absent. Tendrils unbranched, glabrescent. Leaves simple, unlobed or lobed, palminerved. Flowers small, 5(-8) mm diam., yellow; sepals minute, narrow, subpatent; petals free, ovate-elliptic, valvate in bud; receptacle-tube campanulate. Male inflorescence a slender peduncled raceme, with congested flowers, mostly with 1 female flower co-axillary. Bracts absent. Male flowers: receptacle-tube cup-shaped; stamens 3, inserted at c. 1/3 below the throat of the receptacle-tube, filaments free, short, dorsifixed near apex, anthers two 2-thecous, one 1-thecous, included, thecae lateral, straight, connective narrow, not produced; disc subglobose. Female flowers solitary or co-axillary with male raceme; pedicel long; ovary (ellipsoid-)narrowly ovoid, with a slender neck; stigma consisting of 3 erect carnose lobes, papillose; staminodes 3, minute; disc annular, free from the receptacle-tube. Fruit solitary, with long slender fruiting pedicel, ellipsoid, small, 1-1.5 cm long, glabrous, juicy. Seeds numerous, compressed, ovate-elliptic, not sculptured, margin absent, not winged, edge entire.
Monoecious, tendriled vines; stems 5-to 10-sulcate. Leaves petiolate, simple, entire or lobate; tendrils simple. Staminate flowers axillary, racemose; calyx campanulate to subcylindric, 5-lobate; corolla yellow or white, deeply 5-lobate; stamens 3, free, inserted on the hypanthium wall, the anthers oblong or suborbic-ular, 1 unilocular, 2 bilocular; pistillode globose or conic. Pistillate flowers soli-tary; calyx and corolla as in the staminate flowers; ovary ovoid to fusiform, 3-carpellate, the ovules numerous, horizontal, the styles 3, connate, short, the base surrounded by a ringlike disc, the stigmas 3, linear; staminodia 3. Fruit ovoid to fusiform; seeds ovoid or ellipsoidal, compressed, sericeous.
Herbs, climbing or trailing, annual. Leaves petiolate, usually palmately lobed. Tendrils simple. Plants monoecious. Male flowers shortly racemose or subcorymbose; calyx campanulate to cylindrical, 5-lobed; corolla yellow, rotate; segments 5; stamens 3, inserted above middle of tube; anthers two 2-celled, one 1-celled; anther cells straight or slightly curved; connective not produced; rudimentary ovary subglobose. Female flowers solitary, usually coaxillary with male flowers; calyx and corolla as in male flowers; ovary globose to fusiform, 3-locular; ovules numerous, horizontal; style surrounded at base by an annular disk; stigmas 3. Fruit globose to oblong. Seeds numerous, compressed, smooth.
Monoecious; cal campanulate, 5-dentate; cor small, campanulate, 5-lobed; stamens apparently 3, the short filaments distinct, the straight, oblong anthers distinct or barely connivent; hypanthium greatly constricted above the 3-locular ovary; ovules numerous; style short, with 3 slender stigmas; fr pulpy, with numerous horizontal seeds; climbing herbs, with mostly undivided tendrils, the very small fls solitary or in small clusters. 10, New World.
Life form annual
Growth form herb
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Sexuality monoecy
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Root system creeping-root
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Environment

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Hardiness (USDA) 4-10

Usage

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Cultivation

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