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Erect perennial or annual herbs, usually markedly heterophyllous. Leaves entire or deeply divided. Inflorescence terminal. Heads involucrate with 1–2 rows of foliaceous bracts shorter or longer than the flowers. Receptacle bracts linear-lanceolate, much shorter than the flowers, glabrous or pubescent. Involucel smooth or 8-furrowed towards the top only or throughout its length, with a membranous many-veined entire or subentire erect or spreading limb. Calyx small with 5 teeth each produced into a long scabrid or barbed bristle; bristles subequal, spreading in fruit. Corolla 5-fid (4–6-fid flowers occur sometimes in the same head); lobes unequal. Marginal flowers are usually considerably longer than the inner ones with a more asymmetric corolla. Stamens 4. Stigma oblique, entire.
Annual or perennial herbs; stems without prickles. Lvs opposite, simple or often pinnate, mostly in basal rosettes. Infl. a flattened, hemispheric, or cylindric capitulum; involucral bracts usually linear-lanceolate, sometimes crowded, obtuse to acute; receptacular bracts lacking spines. Involucel-tube cylindric, 8-ribbed, expanding above at fruiting into a flattened, membranous corona with many veins. Calyx prolonged into 5 setae, persistent at fruiting. Corolla unequally 5-lobed; tube short, usually longer in marginal than central fls. Stamens 4. Fr. ovoid, ribbed, pitted, or obscurely angled, glabrous to hairy, bearing the corona and setae.
Cal cupuliform, the upper part usually prolonged into 5 setae; involucel 8-ribbed and cylindric below, expanded above into an orbicular or funnelform, scarious corona with many (sometimes excurrent) veins; cor with short tube and 5 unequal lobes, the marginal ones usually enlarged and subradiate; herbs with long-pedunculate heads and 1–3 rows of herbaceous involucral bracts. 80, Eurasia, Afr.
Involucel tube cylindrical, smooth or furrowed, 4–8 ribbed, expanded above into a membranous, many veined, erect or spreading corona.
Capitula hemispherical or cylindrical, often on long peduncles, involucral bracts herbaceous, in 1 to several rows.
Corolla of 5 unequal lobes, (rarely 4–6), and a short tube, usually longer in the marginal flowers.
Receptacle bracts usually linear–lanceolate, shorter than the flowers, glabrous or pubescent.
Calyx small, usually with 5 bristle–like teeth, spreading in fruit.
Annual or perennial herbs, often heterophyllous.
Leaves opposite, simple or deeply divided.
Stamens 4.
