Shrubby spreading bamboos, sometimes subarborescent. Rhizomes facultatively long necked, pachymorph, neck to (0.3–)0.5 (–2) m, solid or hollow. Culms pluricaespitose or diffuse, erect or ascending; internodes terete, often scabrous, usually without prominent vertical ridges; wall thick; nodes (supra-nodal ridges) slightly prominent; buds lanceolate or rarely ovate, with reduced sheathing. Branches often 1 at lower nodes, initially 5–7(–12) at middle nodes, 9–11(–45) at upper nodes, on promontory, erect or deflexed, subequal or central branch strongly dominant at lower nodes; internodes ± terete. Culm sheaths tardily deciduous or persistent, usually initially setose, usually shorter than internodes; ligule usually truncate; blade usually reflexed, lanceolate or triangular. Leaves usually small to medium-sized; blade with prominent transverse veins. Inflorescence ebracteate, semelauctant, open, usually paniculate. Spikelets robust, long pedicellate, several to many flowered, apical floret sterile. Glumes 2; lemma mucronate or rarely obtuse, many veined; palea equal to or shorter than lemma, 2-keeled, obtuse; lodicules 3, transparent. Stamens 3; filaments free, long exserted; anthers yellow. Ovary appendage absent or inconspicuous; style 1, short or absent; stigmas usually 2, plumose.
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