Guettarda L.

Guettarda (en)

Genus

Angiosperms > Gentianales > Rubiaceae

Characteristics

Shrubs or trees, sometimes polygamo-dioecious, unarmed. Raphides absent. Leaves opposite or rarely ternate, decussate, usually with domatia; tertiary and/or quaternary venation often arranged in regular, often small rectangles or squares; stipules caducous, interpetiolar, generally triangular. Inflorescences axillary, cymose with axes often markedly dichotomous or scorpioid, several to many flowered, pedunculate with peduncle usually elongated [to sessile], bracts reduced [to well developed]. Flowers sessile to shortly pedicellate, unisexual or bisexual and monomorphic or at least sometimes distylous, sweetly fragrant. Calyx limb tubular or subcampanulate, truncate or irregularly denticulate. Corolla white or pink, salverform with tube infrequently curved, glabrous to variously pubescent inside; lobes 4-9, obtuse, imbricate (and quincuncial) in bud. Stamens 4-9, inserted in corolla tube, included; filaments short or reduced; anthers dorsifixed. Ovary 4-9-celled, ovules 1 in each cell, pendulous from apical placentas, anatropous, with funicle thickened; stigma capitate, included. Fruit red, purple, black, or rarely green, drupaceous, thinly fleshy, oblate (i.e., depressed globose), ellipsoid, or subglobose, with calyx limb persistent; pyrene 1, 4-9-celled with 1 seed in each cell, oblate, ellipsoid, or subglobose, often 4-9-angled or-grooved, with preformed germination pore at apex of each cell; seeds medium-sized, ellipsoid, straight or curved; testa membranous; endosperm absent or scanty; embryo cylindrical or compressed; cotyledons small; radicle ascending.
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Trees or shrubs, the branches in some species armed with spines (not in Old World). Leaves opposite or rarely ternate, petiolate; stipules interpetiolar or intrapetiolar, simple, persistent or soon falling, free or connate. Flowers hermaphrodite or polygamo-dioecious, showing limited heterostyly, (4–)5–6(–9) even 11-merous, usually sessile, mostly secundly arranged in axillary pedunculate apically dichotomously branched inflorescences or rarely solitary or in groups of 2–3; bracteoles present or absent. Calyx shortly tubular, globose or ovoid, the limb truncate or 2–9-toothed. Corolla white, yellowish or red to reddish purple, salver-shaped; throat glabrous or nearly so; lobes imbricate or subvalvate, the margins often wavy or crenulate. Stamens 4–9, inserted in the throat, included; anthers sessile or nearly so, dorsifixed. Ovary 2–9-locular; ovules solitary, pendulous; style slender; stigma ± capitate, slightly bifid. Fruit globose or subglobose, ± fleshy or fibrous with woody or bony endocarp, 2–9-locular, containing 2–9 pyrenes. Seeds with little or no endosperm.
Trees or shrubs. Leaves occasionally ternate, usually petiolate; stipules de-ciduous. Inflorescences axillary, cymose, the flowers occasionally solitary, usu-ally secundly disposed or congested; bracteoles present or absent. Flowers with the hypanthium ovoid or globose, the calycine cup tubular, cupular or campan-ulate, truncate, edentate or 2-9-toothed; corolla funnelform or salverform, the tube elongate, the lobes 4-9, imbricate, 2 of them exterior; stamens 4-9, inserted in the tube, the anthers slender, dorsifixed, included, the filaments frequently wanting; style slender, the stigmas capitate or 2-lobed, the ovary 2-9-celled, the ovules 1 per cell, pendulous. Fruits drupaceous, globose, ovoid or oblong, thinly carnose, usually with a fine velvety indumentum, often acutely angular, the pu-tamen ligneous or bony, the testa membranous.
Flowers hermaphrodite or polygamo-dioecious, showing limited heterostyly, (4)5–6(9)-or even 11-merous, usually sessile, mostly secundly arranged in axillary pedunculate apically dichotomously branched inflorescences or rarely solitary or in groups of 2–3; bracteoles present or absent.
Corolla white, yellowish or red to reddish-purple, salver-shaped; throat glabrous or nearly so; lobes imbricate or subvalvate, the margins often wavy or crenulate.
Leaves opposite or rarely ternate, petiolate; stipules simple, persistent or soon falling, free but overlapping each other at apex.
Fruit globose or subglobose, ± fleshy or fibrous with a woody or bony endocarp, 2–9-locular, containing 2–9 pyrenes.
Ovary 2–9-locular; ovules solitary, pendulous; style slender; stigma ± capitate, slightly bifid.
Stamens (4)–9, inserted in the throat, included; anthers sessile or nearly so, dorsifixed.
Trees or shrubs, the branches in some species armed with spines (not in Old World).
Calyx shortly tubular, globose or ovoid, the limb truncate or 2–9-toothed.
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Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

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Cultivation

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Images

Guettarda unspecified picture

Distribution

Guettarda world distribution map, present in Andorra, Australia, Bangladesh, Bahamas, Belize, Bolivia (Plurinational State of), China, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Cuba, Cayman Islands, Dominica, Ecuador, Fiji, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, Haiti, Indonesia, Jamaica, Kenya, Moldova (Republic of), Madagascar, Maldives, Mozambique, Nicaragua, Nauru, Panama, Pitcairn, Peru, Philippines, Puerto Rico, Paraguay, Solomon Islands, Suriname, Seychelles, Thailand, Tokelau, Tonga, Tuvalu, Taiwan, Province of China, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uruguay, United States of America, Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of), Viet Nam, Vanuatu, Wallis and Futuna, and Samoa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:34671-1
WFO ID wfo-4000016337
COL ID 8VXZM
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 445931
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Sardinia Donkelaaria Guettarda Tournefortiopsis

Lower taxons

Guettarda guerrerensis Guettarda subcapitata Guettarda quadrifida Guettarda abbottii Guettarda aculeolata Guettarda adulterina Guettarda amblyophylla Guettarda andamanica Guettarda angelica Guettarda angustata Guettarda argentea Guettarda baltenweckii Guettarda baracoensis Guettarda barahonensis Guettarda bernardii Guettarda blanchetiana Guettarda brenesii Guettarda calcicola Guettarda calyptrata Guettarda clarensis Guettarda cobrensis Guettarda comata Guettarda combsii Guettarda comosa Guettarda cordata Guettarda coxiana Guettarda cueroensis Guettarda dealbata Guettarda deamii Guettarda dependens Guettarda dictyophylla Guettarda divaricata Guettarda duckei Guettarda elegans Guettarda elliptica Guettarda excisa Guettarda fanshawei Guettarda ferox Guettarda foliacea Guettarda frangulifolia Guettarda frondosa Guettarda fusca Guettarda gaumeri Guettarda grazielae Guettarda hermosa Guettarda heterosepala Guettarda humboldtensis Guettarda inaequipes Guettarda lacornea Guettarda leai Guettarda leonis Guettarda lindeniana Guettarda nashii Guettarda nervosa Guettarda ocoana Guettarda ocoteifolia Guettarda odorata Guettarda organosia Guettarda oxyphylla Guettarda paludosa Guettarda parallelineura Guettarda pinariona Guettarda platypoda Guettarda pohliana Guettarda polytheca Guettarda preneloupii Guettarda psiloclada Guettarda punctata Guettarda pungens Guettarda ramuliflora Guettarda rhamnifolia Guettarda roupaliifolia Guettarda sageretioides Guettarda sanblasensis Guettarda saxicola Guettarda scabra Guettarda sericea Guettarda shaferi Guettarda spinifera Guettarda splendens Guettarda tenuiramis Guettarda tikalana Guettarda tobagensis Guettarda torbeciana Guettarda tortuensis Guettarda tournefortiopsis Guettarda trimera Guettarda turpinii Guettarda urbanii Guettarda valenzuelana Guettarda velutina Guettarda viburnoides Guettarda vieillardii Guettarda wagapensis Guettarda vulpina Guettarda apiculata Guettarda artensis Guettarda baladensis Guettarda crassifolia Guettarda crenulata Guettarda crispiflora Guettarda erosa Guettarda filipes Guettarda fontanesii Guettarda hirsuta Guettarda hololeuca Guettarda hypoglauca Guettarda hypolasia Guettarda insularis Guettarda longiflora Guettarda macrantha Guettarda malacophylla Guettarda mattogrossensis Guettarda mephitica Guettarda monocarpa Guettarda munizii Guettarda rigida Guettarda roigiana Guettarda rotundifolia Guettarda spruceana Guettarda umbellata Guettarda undulata Guettarda aromatia Guettarda brevinodis Guettarda caatingae Guettarda cahosiana Guettarda camagueyensis Guettarda colubrinoides Guettarda crassipes Guettarda ekmanii Guettarda ferruginea Guettarda hoffmannseggii Guettarda lamprophylla Guettarda lanuginosa Guettarda multinervis Guettarda nannocarpa Guettarda ovalifolia Guettarda retusa Guettarda rhabdocalyx Guettarda rusbyi Guettarda sciaphila Guettarda ngoyensis Guettarda coatzacoalcensis Guettarda sotonunezii Guettarda elongata Guettarda macrocarpa Guettarda membranacea Guettarda mollis Guettarda glabrescens Guettarda stenophylla Guettarda krugii Guettarda davidseorum Guettarda uruguensis Guettarda speciosa Guettarda macrosperma