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Bottom-rooting aquatic, annual or perennial herbs with long ± floating stolons. Lvs ± rosulate, sometimes remaining submerged and without an expanded lamina. Lvs generally alternate, sometimes subopposite below fls; petioles either long and easily distinguishable from the stems, or short and terminal and similar to stem; lamina usually floating, usually broadly ovate to orbicular and deeply cordate. Fls either 2-many in fascicles at the stolon nodes, or solitary, ephemeral, emergent; pedicels long and slender. Corolla yellow, sometimes white; lobes winged; margins prominently fimbriate. Stamens short, inserted on corolla tube. Ovary semi-inferior; style exserted or included. Capsule opening irregularly or indehiscent.
Perennials [or annuals], aquatic, usually carpeting surface of lakes and ponds, with short basal rhizomes producing many, slender, and petiolelike stolons [or lacking rhizomes]. Stems usually long, floating, sometimes producing rootlets from nodes. Leaves alternate, rarely apparently opposite; leaf blade floating, veins palmate. Flowers clustered at nodes, (4 or) 5merous, distylous or occasionally homostylous. Calyx lobed to near base. Corolla rotate, lobed to near base, rarely less deeply lobed and campanulate, throat with 5 bundles of long fimbriae. Stamens inserted on corolla tube. Style linear. Nectaries 5, attached at ovary base. Capsules indehiscent, few seeded. Seeds compressed or globose, smooth or ornamented.
Stamens 5(-8), inserted at or below the corolla-throat. Ovary with 5 basal glands. Capsule indehiscent or irregularly rupturing. Seeds round to oval, flattened or convex, smooth to tuberculate.. Aquatic herbs. Stems long, petiole-like. Leaves floating, shortly petioled, circular to ovate in outline, base with a narrow to wide sinus, margin entire, crenate or dentate. Flowers bisexual (in East Africa), solitary or fascicled at the nodes, subtended by a small bract, 5(-8)-merous. Corolla white or yellow; lobes variously fimbriate; tube with short tufts of hairs ± halfway up
Herbs, aquatic, perennial; stems petiole-like. Leaves simple, usually broadly ovate or orbicular, peltate, cordate at the base, floating. Flowers white or yellow; calyx basally fused; corolla broadly campanulate or almost rotate, the lobes fimbri-ate; stamens included, the anthers ovate to linear; ovary ellipsoid, the style short,
the stigmas usually broad. Capsules indehiscent or eventually rupturing irreg-ularly, firm-walled; seeds many, unwinged, the seed coat hard.-x= 9.
Flowers clustered at the nodes, pedicellate, subtended by a small bract, 5(8)-merous, sometimes heterostylous, elsewhere sometimes unisexual.
Leaves simple, circular to ovate, with a sinus at the base, in a rosette on the stock, or alternate along floating stolons.
Capsule developing under water, splitting into valves from base or apex.
Seeds round to oval, flattened or convex, smooth to tuberculate.
Aquatic herbs, annual or perennial.
