Cerbera L.

Genus

Angiosperms > Gentianales > Apocynaceae

Characteristics

Perennial shrubs or trees, evergreen; latex white. Stems without spines. Leaves petiolate, spirally arranged on stems, clustered at stem apices; lamina entire or sinuate, coriaceous, glabrous; colleters absent. Inflorescences terminal, laxly cymose, pedunculate. Flowers scented, pedicellate. Calyx without colleters. Corolla salverform; tube glabrous externally, with or without indumentum internally, swollen about stamens, and somewhat constricted above; lobes sinistrorse in bud. Corolline corona above anthers. Stamens included, inserted in upper part of tube, not adherent to style-head; anthers lanceolate, dehiscing laterally or sublaterally. Disc absent. Style-head composed of 2 annular swellings, surmounted by 2 apical, conical, obtuse, thick, appressed appendages. Fruits apocarpous, drupaceous. Seed 1 per locule, compressed, elliptic or oblong, not or narrowly winged, ecomose.
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Shrubs or small trees. Leaves spirally arranged, with colleters in the axils; usually drying black. Inflorescence of terminal panicles; flowers 5-merous. Sepals without colleters inside. Corolla lobes sinistrorse; mature corolla salverform, sometimes weakly infundibuliform at top of tube; lobes obovate; corona of short lobes perpendicular to the corolla tube, above and below stamens. Stamens completely included in corolla tube; ± sessile; connate to each other by appendages on the top of the anthers, not attached to gynoecium; anthers ovate, fertile entire length except for appendages. Disk absent. Gynoecium 2-carpellate, apocarpous but apically united into a common style, glabrous; several ovules per carpel; style filiform. Fruit a drupe; often only one carpel developing; exocarp fleshy, mesocarp fibrous, endocarp lignified; one seed per locule. Seeds flattened, ellipsoid.
Trees with latex. Branches stout. Leaves alternate, lateral veins 20-30 pairs, diverging almost at right angles to midvein. Cymes terminal, long pedunculate. Calyx deeply divided, without glands inside. Corolla white, funnelform, throat slightly dilated, ribbed, or with 5 pubescent scales; lobes broad, overlapping to left. Stamens inserted at corolla throat; anthers narrowly oblong, apiculate, free from pistil head, lobes rounded at base; disc absent. Ovaries 2, free, ovules 4 in each locule. Style filiform, dilated distally; pistil head shortly 2-cleft. Drupes 1 or 2, large, ellipsoid or globose, 1-or 2-loculed, with a thick, woody-fibrous endocarp. Seeds 1 or 2 per locule, wingless, not comose, without endosperm; cotyledons thin, radicle very short.
Shrubs or trees; white latex present in all parts. Leaves spirally arranged. Inflorescence terminal or in branching forks. Sepals free or nearly so, imbricate. Corolla with funnel-shaped tube and oblique lobes. Stamens included, anthers sessile. Pistil with apex at level of anthers; ovary of 2 separate carpels. Fruit of 2 (or by abortion 1) mostly separate drupaceous mericarps with hard endocarp. Seeds 1–2 in each mericarp, flat.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support -
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
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Environment

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Hardiness (USDA) 8-12

Usage

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Edible -
Therapeutic use -
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Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

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Images

Cerbera unspecified picture

Distribution

Cerbera world distribution map, present in Australia, China, Pitcairn, and United States of America

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:60436653-2
WFO ID wfo-4000007392
COL ID 62K99
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 445408
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Cerbera

Lower taxons

Cerbera inflata Cerbera floribunda Cerbera odollam Cerbera dumicola Cerbera laeta Cerbera manghas