Ribes uva-crispa L.

European gooseberry (en), Groseillier épineux (fr), Groseillier à maquereaux (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Saxifragales > Grossulariaceae > Ribes

Characteristics

Deciduous, armed, non-aromatic shrub usually 0.5-1.5-(2.5) m high; nodes furnished with (1)-3, stiff, straight spines; branches and shoots spreading to erect, glabrous except when young. Lvs plicately folded in bud, with petioles to 5 cm long, not clasping at base; lamina ± broadly deltoid to subreniform, (1.5)-2-6 × 2-7 cm, usually smaller on flowering stems (where the lvs are on short spurs), palmately-lobed, usually hairy beneath, sometimes glabrate, flat and slightly shining above; base truncate to cordate; lobes shallow to deep, 3-5, broadly ovate, oblong-ovate or obovate, with secondary lobes, deeply toothed. Fls solitary or in clusters of 2-4, not fragrant. Hypanthium 3-4 mm diam., ± globose, pale greenish, glandular. Sepals 3-6 mm long, oblong or elliptic-oblong, green, often with red flush or red margin, ± hairy outside, reflexed at anthesis. Petals 1.5-2 mm long, suborbicular or broadly obovate, white. Filaments 2-3 mm long. Fr. 10-25 mm diam. (to 30 mm in cultivation), globose to broadly or oblong-ellipsoid, green, yellow or sometimes dark red, translucent, lacking bloom, hispid and sometimes with soft hairs, or glabrous; flesh becoming sweet.
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Plants 1-1.5 m. Stems erect, pubescent; spines at nodes 3, 5-10 mm; prickles on internodes present, scattered. Leaves: petiole 1-2 cm, pubescent; blade pentangular, 3-5-lobed, deeply cleft, 2-5 cm, base cordate to broad-cuneate, surfaces pubescent, lobes obtuse, margins crenulate-dentate, apex obtuse. Inflorescences spreading, solitary flowers or 2-3-flowered racemes, 1-3 cm, axis glabrous or sparsely lanate and stipitate-glandular, flowers evenly spaced. Pedicels not jointed, 2-4 mm, glabrous or sparsely lanate; bracts ovate, 1-3 mm, sparsely lanate, sparsely stipitate-glandular. Flowers: hypanthium greenish, short-campanulate, 4-6 mm, pubescent; sepals not overlapping, spreading, greenish abaxially, pink adaxially, strap-shaped, 5-7 mm; petals not connivent, erect, white, ovate, not conspicuously revolute or inrolled, 2-3 mm; nectary disc not prominent; stamens 2 times longer than petals; filaments linear, 4-6 mm, glabrous; anthers cream, oblong-oval, 1-2 mm, apex rounded; ovary sparsely hairy; styles connate to tip, ca. 6 mm, villous in proximal 1/2. Berries very palatable, greenish, ovoid, 10-20 mm, softly bristled.
Stems with stout nodal spines, often also bristly; lvs to 6 cm wide; hypanthium broadly campanulate above the ovary, 3 mm long and wide, pubescent; sep pubescent, spreading or reflexed, round-obovate, 3.5–4 mm, longer than the hypanthium; pet 2–2.5 mm long and wide; stamens and style nearly or quite equaling the sep; fr pubescent and usually also with some gland-tipped bristles; 2n=16. Native of the Old World, occasionally escaped from cult. in our range. (R. grossularia; Grossularia reclinata)
A small thorny shrub. It loses its leaves during the year. It grows to 1-2 m tall. It spreads 1 m wide. The stems are thorny. The leaves are small and heart shaped. They have 3-5 lobes and teeth along the edges. The flowers are green. The fruit has a tough skin covered with spiky hairs. The fruit can be green or red.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread epizoochory
Mature width (meter) 1.0 - 1.25
Mature height (meter) 1.0 - 1.5
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a temperate plant. It grows on many soils. It can tolerate frost. They fruit well in cooler climates. They do well in medium to heavy well-drained soils. It grows in the high mountain belt in the Caucasus. It grows between 1,500-2,200 m above sea level. It is restricted in Canada and the USA because it helps spread white-pine blister-rust. They can be grown in the hills in Java. It suits hardiness zones 5-9.
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Woods and hedges, often by streams.
Light 4-9
Soil humidity 4-6
Soil texture 1-6
Soil acidity 2-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 5-8

Usage

The fruit can be eaten raw, stewed or made into jam. The unripe fruit are often used for pies and tarts.
Uses breeding food gene source hedge material medicinal oil
Edible fruits leaves
Therapeutic use Cathartic (bark), Cathartic (root), Antacid (unspecified), Digestive (unspecified), Diuretic (unspecified), Fever (unspecified), Scurvy (unspecified), Laxative (unspecified), Astringent (unspecified), Refrigerant (unspecified), Apertif (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

They can be grown from seed. They are best grown from cuttings.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) 15 - 25
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Ribes uva-crispa habit picture by Gaël Covain (cc-by-sa)
Ribes uva-crispa habit picture by Sabina Hartmann (cc-by-sa)
Ribes uva-crispa habit picture by Stefano (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Ribes uva-crispa leaf picture by regis deutsch (cc-by-sa)
Ribes uva-crispa leaf picture by Gaël Covain (cc-by-sa)
Ribes uva-crispa leaf picture by Silvia Ritterbach (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Ribes uva-crispa flower picture by Gaël Covain (cc-by-sa)
Ribes uva-crispa flower picture by T R (cc-by-sa)
Ribes uva-crispa flower picture by Else Nolden (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Ribes uva-crispa fruit picture by Gaël Covain (cc-by-sa)
Ribes uva-crispa fruit picture by nicolas latil (cc-by-sa)
Ribes uva-crispa fruit picture by Pl@ntNet (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Ribes uva-crispa world distribution map, present in Albania, Andorra, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Canada, Switzerland, Czech Republic, Germany, Algeria, Spain, Estonia, France, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, Greece, Croatia, Hungary, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Italy, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Morocco, North Macedonia, Montenegro, Netherlands, New Zealand, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Ukraine, and United States of America

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:793052-1
WFO ID wfo-0000405193
COL ID 4SYLV
BDTFX ID 56165
INPN ID 117787
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Oxyacanthus uva-crispa Ribes viridimajus Ribes virente-rotundum Ribes viridialbescens Ribes caucasicum Ribes spinosum Ribes vulgatissima Ribes purpureomajus Ribes reclinatum Ribes lobatum Oxyacanthus sativus Ribes moschatum Ribes purpureominus Ribes succineum Ribes grossularia Ribes hybridum Ribes ianthinum Ribes hunyadense Ribes flavescens Grossularia intermedia Grossularia uva-crispa Grossularia vulgaris Grossularia glandulososetosa Grossularia hirsuta Grossularia pubescens Grossularia reclinata Grossularia spinosa Grossularia uva Ribes dubium Ribes aculeatum Ribes crispum Grossularia uva-crispa subsp. lasiocarpa Grossularia uva-crispa subsp. reclinata Ribes uva-crispa var. sativum Ribes uva-crispa subsp. austroeuropaeum Ribes viridiminus Ribes longispinum Ribes uva-crispa subsp. reclinatum Ribes uva-crispa var. reclinatum Ribes grossularia var. vulgare Ribes uva-crispa

Lower taxons

Ribes uva-crispa 'Abundance' Ribes uva-crispa 'Captivator' Ribes uva-crispa 'Clark' Ribes uva-crispa 'Colossal' Ribes uva-crispa 'Como' Ribes uva-crispa 'Davidson' Ribes uva-crispa 'Fredonia' Ribes uva-crispa 'Glenndale' Ribes uva-crispa 'Golda' Ribes uva-crispa 'Green King' Ribes uva-crispa 'Hinsel' Ribes uva-crispa 'Jahns Prairie' Ribes uva-crispa 'Jeanne' Ribes uva-crispa 'May Duke' Ribes uva-crispa 'Mucurines' Ribes uva-crispa 'Pankiw' Ribes uva-crispa 'Pax' Ribes uva-crispa 'Pembina Pride' Ribes uva-crispa 'Perkins' Ribes uva-crispa 'Perry' Ribes uva-crispa 'Pixwell' Ribes uva-crispa 'Resika' Ribes uva-crispa 'Rokula' Ribes uva-crispa 'Rolonda' Ribes uva-crispa 'Rosco' Ribes uva-crispa 'Spinefree' Ribes uva-crispa 'TixiaTM' Ribes uva-crispa 'Welcome' Ribes uva-crispa 'XeniaTM'