Trees or shrubs, dioecious, monoecious or hermaphrodite. Leaves opposite, sub-opposite or (not in Australia) alternate, often serrate; stipules minute, caducous. Flowers in simple or compound dichasial cymes. Perianth 3–5-merous. Sepals and petals imbricate in bud. Stamens as many as petals; anthers versatile. Disc fleshy. Ovary partially or not immersed in disc, 2-or 3-locular with 1 or 2 erect ovules per locule; stigma entire or 2-or 3-lobed. Fruit drupaceous; exocarp thin or fleshy; endocarp mostly stone-like. Seeds 1–3, exarillate. [Description for Cassine from Jessup (1984); requires revision since Australian species are now placed in Elaeodendron-Editor, July 2022.] Trees or shrubs. Leaves opposite, sometimes alternate on juvenile shoots; stipules caducous. Inflorescence axillary, cymose, sessile or pedunculate. Flowers bisexual or unisexual, 4-or 5-merous, pedicellate; disc convex to flat, thick. Calyx basally connate, entire, imbricate. Petals imbricate, spreading, green to pale yellow. Stamens 4 or 5; filaments thin; anthers versatile. Style short, simple; stigma entire or shortly 2-or 3-lobed. Fruit a drupe, hard, ± fleshy. Seeds 1 or 2 (–3), without arils. [Elaeodendron description, fide Green (1994: 225).]
Ovary superior, sessile, ± immersed in disk, 2–3-locular, with (1)2 erect collateral ovules in each loculus; style short, pyramidal, simple; stigma small, entire or slightly 2–3-lobed.
Inflorescence pedunculate to sessile, regularly dichasial, simple or borne on specialised shoots forming “panicles” in axil of foliage leaves or prophylls; bracts persistent.
Stamens 4–5, with filaments thin, united with base of disk; anthers versatile, introrse, with separate thecae dehiscing longitudinally.
Leaves all opposite, or subopposite to alternate on young shoots, rarely heteromorphic, petiolate; stipules free, small, caducous.
Sepals 4–5, imbricate, united at the base, with margin entire or rarely finely serrulate.
Disk intrastaminal, single, convex to flat, thick, entire or shallowly 4–5-lobed.
Petals 4–5, green to white or yellow, imbricate in bud, spreading.
Flowers bisexual or unisexual, sometimes dioecious, pedicellate.
Seeds 1–2(3), exarillate, with endosperm.
Trees or shrubs, without latex, glabrous.
Fruit drupaceous, hard or ± fleshy.