Achenes subcylindric-angular not or hardly tapering above, apex ± truncate with a cupuliform depression, bluntly 3–6-angular and smooth or sparsely glandular between; or achenes narrowly obovoid-oblong, rounded above with a rimmed, shallow apical depression and with 4–5(8) low broad ribs separated by dark-brown gland-filled grooves; or achenes subcylindric-ellipsoid often somewhat curved, rounded to truncate above with a distinct apical cup or crenate cartilaginous rim, ± angular or narrowly 4–9-ribbed, glabrous or sparsely glandular between the ribs.
Vegetative indumentum consisting of flagelliform or ± asymmetric T-shaped hairs with uniseriate multicellular stalks each bearing an elongate erect or ± excentric terminal cell.
Involucre ± campanulate to cyathiform; phyllaries increasing in size to the inside, membranous or cartilaginous or somewhat scarious, usually with a distinct subhyaline margin.
Capitula homogamous and discoid, usually small and few to numerous, laxly arranged or clustered in corymbiform cymes, or solitary.
Anthers lanceolate-appendiculate at the apex, subacute at the base, the connective ± slightly swollen near the base.
Leaves alternate, opposite or opposite on lower stem and alternate above, or in whorls of 3, sessile or petiolate.
Annual or perennial herbs, often suffrutescent with annual stems from a woody rootstock, or shrubs.
Corollas purple or mauve, regular, narrowly infundibuliform, with a deeply 5-lobed limb.
Receptacle plane or alveolate, occasionally paleate on the outside.
Pappus of few very caducous barbellate setae, or pappus absent.
Style arms linear-terete, hairy.