Thelymitra J.R.Forst. & G.Forst.

Tuberous terrestrial orchids, usually single, but some species form localised tufts and a few grow in spreading, vegetative colonies. Leaf single, erect, basal, usually medium green with a red or purplish base, upper surface channelled, flat or cylindrical and underside usually ribbed. Flower stem with prominent sheathing bracts, the number and size of which can be useful for identification. Flowers relatively simple, appearing symmetrical and starry, with labellum closely resembling petals and sepals in shape and colour and completely unadorned with papillae or calli. Column prominently winged, the wings joined in front at the base and extending behind and above the anther where they form a range of structures. The area behind the anther is called the post-anther lobe. In some species the post-anther lobe is swollen and more or less like a tubular hood over the anther. This hood can be in contrasting colours, especially towards the apex where it is often notched or cleft to varying degrees. In some species the post-anther lobe is poorly developed and extends as a rim-like structure, often with papillae or finger-like structures. In most species of Thelymitra there are 2 prominent column arms flanking the anther and projecting forwards or upwards. These arms can be fringed, toothed or carry prominent hair-tufts or colourful appendages that resemble animal ears.

Open forest, woodland, heathland, grassland and swamps in a range of soil types from freely draining to seasonally moist or permanently wet.