Pterostylis R.Br.

Greenhood orchids (en)

Genus

Angiosperms > Asparagales > Orchidaceae

Characteristics

Fl. solitary or more rarely a few-fld raceme; floral bract often not differentiated. Per. glab. or minutely scabrid, mostly green; dorsal sepal uppermost, deeply concave and curved, its lateral margins dovetailed into petals to form with them a hood or galea; lateral sepals connate for part or most of their length, the free lobes diverging widely or narrowly, their tips short or long, acuminate to almost filiform; petals falcate with anterior margins shortly adnate to base of lateral sepals, posterior margins free under dorsal sepal, outer surface with a median longitudinal groove into which the slightly involute margin of the dorsal sepal locks. Labellum the smallest of the per.-segs, us. included for most of its length, mobile on a claw attached to column-foot; lamina us. undivided, sts with hairs but us. without calli, produced, at line of junction with claw, into an appendage that is us. strap-shaped and ± laciniate at its free end. Column elongate, its foot ± adnate to base of dorsal sepal, bearing on either side of rostellum a ± quadrangular, partly twisted wing; anther terminal, pollinia 2 per cell, crescentic, soft but coherent; stigma of 2 lobes, us. vertically elongated and occupying middle of column; rostellum immediately below anther and high above stigma with which it is connected by a narrow groove. Plants terrestrial, us. glab.; tubers ovoid to globose, produced close to or at some distance from parent plant. Lvs several, rosette-forming or distributed up flowering stem, almost orbicular to linear. Peduncle in some spp. elongating after fertilization, as capsule matures. Genus of some 60 spp., mainly Australasian, represented also in New Caledonia and New Guinea. Several spp. are common to Australia and N.Z. Pterostylis R. Br. nom. cons.: type sp., P. curta of Australia.
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Terrestrial tuberous orchids growing as individuals. Tubers paired, globose. Flowering and non-flowering plants dimorphic. Sterile plants consist solely of basally stalked leafy rosette; leaves several, petiolate. Fertile plants consist of flowering stem with stem leaves and raceme of flowers. Scape wiry. Cauline leaves sessile, sheathing at base, spreading. Pedicels short. Ovaries siliceous. Dorsal sepal and petals adherent to form galea. Dorsal sepal broad, deeply concave. Lateral sepals united to form broad synsepalum, deflexed to form lower lip; anterior surface papillate, sunken area where labellum nestles; free points shortly triangular. Petals short, broad. Labellum deflexed, fully exposed when set, attached by motile claw to apex of column foot. Labellum lamina obscurely 3-lobed, with enlarged basal mound and tail-like basal appendage, strongly siliceous; apex upcurved, notched. Column foot short. Column wings with short thick clubbed barrier trichomes. Anther with four pollinia in two pairs.
Flowering and non-flowering plants similar, growing in vegetative colonies. Flowering plants have basal rosette of leaves, central inflorescence with short bract-like stem leaves and single hooded flower (rarely two). Dorsal sepal overlaps tightly with inner petal margins to form galea and dorsal sepal ends in short tapered point. Front of flower wholly or partially closed by erect fused sepals (the synsepalum) which has short to long tapered free points. The slender labellum, which may or may not be visible in the set position, has curved brush-like basal appendage. Column slender with terminal anther well-separated from stigma and subtended by pair of protruding wings that form tunnel.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support -
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) -
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

These orchids grow in sheltered situations in forest, woodland and mallee vegetation.
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These orchids grow in moist sheltered forested habitats.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 8-12

Usage

Uses -
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Pterostylis unspecified picture

Distribution

Pterostylis world distribution map, present in Australia, Moldova (Republic of), Norfolk Island, New Zealand, and Solomon Islands

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331270-2
WFO ID wfo-4000032040
COL ID 8W2W9
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 672746
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Pterostylis Oligochaetochilus Speculantha Bunochilus Plumatichilos Urochilus

Lower taxons

Pterostylis abrupta Pterostylis alobula Pterostylis angusta Pterostylis aphylla Pterostylis arenicola Pterostylis aspera Pterostylis atrans Pterostylis atriola Pterostylis auriculata Pterostylis australis Pterostylis biseta Pterostylis brumalis Pterostylis chlorogramma Pterostylis clavigera Pterostylis coccina Pterostylis collina Pterostylis curta Pterostylis daintreana Pterostylis decurva Pterostylis despectans Pterostylis dilatata Pterostylis dolichochila Pterostylis dubia Pterostylis erecta Pterostylis erythroconcha Pterostylis excelsa Pterostylis falcata Pterostylis fischii Pterostylis foliata Pterostylis furcata Pterostylis gibbosa Pterostylis graminea Pterostylis grandiflora Pterostylis hildae Pterostylis hispidula Pterostylis humilis Pterostylis insectifera Pterostylis irsoniana Pterostylis laxa Pterostylis leptochila Pterostylis lingua Pterostylis longicurva Pterostylis longifolia Pterostylis longipetala Pterostylis macrocalymma Pterostylis maxima Pterostylis melagramma Pterostylis micromega Pterostylis mitchellii Pterostylis montana Pterostylis monticola Pterostylis mutica Pterostylis nigricans Pterostylis obtusa Pterostylis oliveri Pterostylis parviflora Pterostylis pedoglossa Pterostylis pedunculata Pterostylis picta Pterostylis planulata Pterostylis praetermissa Pterostylis pratensis Pterostylis procera Pterostylis puberula Pterostylis pulchella Pterostylis recurva Pterostylis reflexa Pterostylis rogersii Pterostylis russellii Pterostylis sargentii Pterostylis saxicola Pterostylis scabrida Pterostylis splendens Pterostylis squamata Pterostylis stenochila Pterostylis stricta Pterostylis tasmanica Pterostylis taurus Pterostylis tenuicauda Pterostylis tenuissima Pterostylis tristis Pterostylis trullifolia Pterostylis truncata Pterostylis uliginosa Pterostylis venosa Pterostylis wapstrarum Pterostylis williamsonii Pterostylis woollsii Pterostylis xerophila Pterostylis ziegeleri Pterostylis aciculiformis Pterostylis acuminata Pterostylis aenigma Pterostylis aestiva Pterostylis alata Pterostylis allantoidea Pterostylis alpina Pterostylis alveata Pterostylis banksii Pterostylis baptistii Pterostylis barbata Pterostylis basaltica Pterostylis bicolor Pterostylis bicornis Pterostylis boormanii Pterostylis bryophila Pterostylis calceolus Pterostylis caulescens Pterostylis chaetophora Pterostylis cheraphila Pterostylis ciliata Pterostylis cobarensis Pterostylis commutata Pterostylis concava Pterostylis concinna Pterostylis cucullata Pterostylis cycnocephala Pterostylis depauperata Pterostylis hamata Pterostylis hamiltonii Pterostylis hians Pterostylis nana Pterostylis novoguineensis Pterostylis nutans Pterostylis oreophila Pterostylis ovata Pterostylis patens Pterostylis petrosa Pterostylis plumosa Pterostylis pusilla Pterostylis pyramidalis Pterostylis revoluta Pterostylis robusta Pterostylis roensis Pterostylis rubenachii Pterostylis rufa Pterostylis sanguinea Pterostylis scabra Pterostylis setifera Pterostylis smaragdyna Pterostylis spathulata Pterostylis tunstallii Pterostylis turfosa Pterostylis vittata Pterostylis x furcillata Pterostylis bureaviana Pterostylis ophioglossa Pterostylis agathicola Pterostylis anatona Pterostylis aquilonia Pterostylis arfakensis Pterostylis elegans Pterostylis irwinii Pterostylis paludosa Pterostylis silvicultrix Pterostylis tanypoda Pterostylis cernua Pterostylis metcalfei Pterostylis porrecta Pterostylis scoliosa Pterostylis torquata Pterostylis crassa Pterostylis diminuta Pterostylis loganii Pterostylis lustra Pterostylis macilenta Pterostylis oblonga Pterostylis prasina Pterostylis psammophilus Pterostylis mirabilis Pterostylis viriosa Pterostylis littoralis Pterostylis flavovirens Pterostylis jonesii Pterostylis frenchii Pterostylis timorensis Pterostylis vitrea Pterostylis timothyi Pterostylis thulia Pterostylis stenosepala Pterostylis spissa Pterostylis rubescens Pterostylis parca Pterostylis multiflora Pterostylis major Pterostylis macrosepala Pterostylis lineata Pterostylis lepida Pterostylis incognita Pterostylis ferruginea Pterostylis crassicaulis Pterostylis conferta Pterostylis chocolatina Pterostylis ventricosa Pterostylis umbrina Pterostylis mystacina Pterostylis riparia Pterostylis subtilis Pterostylis sinuata Pterostylis pearsonii Pterostylis extranea Pterostylis anaclasta Pterostylis barringtonensis Pterostylis glyphida Pterostylis tenuis Pterostylis vernalis Pterostylis brunneola Pterostylis jacksonii Pterostylis lortensis Pterostylis karri Pterostylis telmata Pterostylis echinulata Pterostylis microphylla Pterostylis platypetala Pterostylis scitula Pterostylis voigtii Pterostylis simulans Pterostylis zebrina Pterostylis hadra Pterostylis spatalium Pterostylis repanda Pterostylis borealis Pterostylis diversiflora Pterostylis furva Pterostylis corpulenta Pterostylis virens Pterostylis xerampelina Pterostylis vescula Pterostylis eremaea Pterostylis tryphera Pterostylis scapula Pterostylis crebriflora Pterostylis faceta Pterostylis amabilis Pterostylis elegantissima Pterostylis macrosceles Pterostylis perculta Pterostylis exserta Pterostylis divaricata Pterostylis brevichila Pterostylis microglossa Pterostylis x conoglossa Pterostylis x ingens Pterostylis x toveyana Pterostylis clivicola Pterostylis agrestis Pterostylis pedina Pterostylis exalla Pterostylis aneba Pterostylis crassichila Pterostylis cardiostigma Pterostylis papuana Pterostylis braemii Pterostylis areolata Pterostylis gracilis